In physical fuel trading, independent inspection is the difference between transacting on facts and transacting on faith. SGS is the best-known name in this space, and understanding what an inspection does — and does not — prove is essential for any buyer.
What SGS inspection is
SGS (and peers such as Intertek and Saybolt) are independent inspection companies that verify the quantity and quality of a cargo — often abbreviated "Q&Q". At the load or discharge port, inspectors sample the product, measure volumes, and issue certificates confirming the parcel matches the contract specification.
Why it protects both sides
For the buyer, inspection confirms the product is genuinely on-spec (e.g. EN590 sulphur at or below 10ppm) and that the volume is correct. For the seller, it provides an independent record that they delivered what was promised. Because the inspector is a neutral third party, neither side has to take the other’s word.
What an inspection typically covers
- Quantity — measured volumes at agreed temperature, ullage/tank gauging or metered transfer.
- Quality — laboratory analysis against the specification (sulphur, density, flash point, cetane, etc.).
- Sampling protocol — representative samples taken and retained.
Reading the report critically
A real SGS report references the specific vessel/tank, dates, methods and measured results — not vague assurances. Forged inspection reports exist, so where stakes are high, buyers can verify authenticity with the inspection company directly. Independent inspection is a standard part of our trading procedures and compliance process.
Frequently asked questions
Is SGS inspection mandatory?
It is not legally universal, but for serious cross-border fuel deals it is standard practice and, in our procedures, non-negotiable. It protects buyer and seller alike.
Who pays for inspection?
Responsibility is defined in the contract and varies with Incoterm; often costs are shared or allocated to a specific party at load or discharge.